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home·artworks·Sealers Crushed by Icebergs
Sealers Crushed by Icebergs by William Bradford

plate no. 5074

Sealers Crushed by Icebergs

William Bradford, 1866

oilRomanticismmarinaicebergsshipoceansmokefiguressky
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in atmospheric perspective and rendering complex textures like ice and smoke. It also provides practice in depicting a dramatic scene with a strong sense of depth.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
2

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the icebergs, ships, and figures.

  2. step 02

    Establish the overall value structure with a thin wash of neutral colors.

  3. step 03

    Block in the large shapes of the icebergs, paying attention to their angles and planes.

  4. step 04

    Develop the sky and distant water, blending colors to create atmospheric perspective.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the ships, including the rigging and sails.

  6. step 06

    Paint the figures, focusing on their gestures and poses.

  7. step 07

    Refine the details of the icebergs, adding highlights and shadows to create depth.

  8. step 08

    Add final touches, such as the smoke and reflections in the water.

color palette

primary · titanium white · ivory black · ultramarine blue

secondary · burnt umber · yellow ochre · cadmium red

Achieve the cool tones of the ice by mixing white with small amounts of blue and umber. Create the dark, smoky atmosphere by blending black, umber, and a touch of red.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·dry brushing
  • ·blending

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Ignoring the principles of atmospheric perspective.
  • →Making the icebergs appear too flat and uniform.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·round brushes #2, #4, #6
  • ·flat brushes #8, #10
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·turpentine
  • ·damar varnish

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. Allow each layer to dry before applying the next.

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