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home·artworks·Portrait of José Antonio, Marqués de Caballero
Portrait of José Antonio, Marqués de Caballero by Francisco Goya

plate no. 6619

Portrait of José Antonio, Marqués de Caballero

Francisco Goya, 1807

oil, canvasRomanticismportraitportraitfigureclothingchairformal wearmedal
experienced study

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, including accurate proportions, rendering of fabric textures, and capturing a likeness. It also provides practice in creating depth through value and color variations.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 30 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Create a light sketch outlining the figure's pose and proportions on the canvas.

  2. step 02

    Block in the main areas of color: background, skin tones, clothing, and chair.

  3. step 03

    Begin refining the skin tones, paying attention to subtle value changes and highlights.

  4. step 04

    Work on the clothing, focusing on the intricate details of the gold embroidery and the folds of the fabric.

  5. step 05

    Add the details of the medals and sash, carefully rendering their textures and highlights.

  6. step 06

    Refine the background, ensuring it recedes and doesn't compete with the figure.

  7. step 07

    Add final details and highlights to the face and clothing to enhance the realism.

  8. step 08

    Varnish the painting to protect it and enhance the colors.

color palette

primary · ivory black · cadmium red · yellow ochre · titanium white

secondary · ultramarine blue · burnt umber · raw sienna

Achieve skin tones by mixing white, yellow ochre, and a touch of red. Use burnt umber and black to create shadows and depth. Mix ultramarine blue and white for the sash.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·rendering of fabric

common pitfalls

  • →Inaccurate proportions can ruin the likeness.
  • →Overworking the details can make the painting look stiff.
  • →Failing to create enough contrast can result in a flat image.
  • →Getting the skin tones wrong can make the portrait look unnatural.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·cadmium red oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·flat brushes (sizes 4, 8)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retouch varnish

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A medium such as linseed oil can be used to thin the paints and improve flow.

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