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home·artworks·Portrait of John Adams
Portrait of John Adams by Samuel Morse

plate no. 6647

Portrait of John Adams

Samuel Morse, 1816

oil, canvasRomanticismportraitportraitfiguremanclothingchairhistorical
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, including capturing likeness and rendering skin tones. It also provides practice in creating depth through subtle value changes and soft blending.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes and proportions of the head, shoulders, and chair.

  2. step 02

    Establish the overall value structure with a thin wash of burnt umber or a similar earth tone.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main areas of color: skin, hair, clothing, and background.

  4. step 04

    Begin refining the skin tones, paying close attention to subtle shifts in value and hue.

  5. step 05

    Develop the details of the clothing, focusing on the folds and highlights.

  6. step 06

    Add details to the face, including the eyes, nose, and mouth.

  7. step 07

    Refine the background and chair, ensuring they complement the figure.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to create a sense of depth and realism.

color palette

primary · titanium white · ivory black · burnt umber · raw sienna

secondary · cadmium red light · yellow ochre

Skin tones are achieved by mixing white, red, yellow ochre, and a touch of burnt umber. The background is a mix of black, umber, and white. The clothing is primarily black with subtle variations in value.

techniques

  • ·portraiture
  • ·blending
  • ·value studies
  • ·layering
  • ·scumbling

common pitfalls

  • →Getting the proportions of the face wrong.
  • →Overworking the skin tones and making them look muddy.
  • →Failing to create enough contrast between the figure and the background.
  • →Ignoring the subtle shifts in value that create depth.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 16x20
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·ivory black oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·raw sienna oil paint
  • ·cadmium red light oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·#4 round brush
  • ·#6 flat brush
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·odorless mineral spirits

Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A medium such as linseed oil can be used to thin the paint and improve blending.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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