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home·artworks·Plowed Field
Plowed Field by Caspar David Friedrich

plate no. 5119

Plowed Field

Caspar David Friedrich

oilRomanticismlandscapefieldskytreessunsetcloudsfigure
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students understand atmospheric perspective and how to create a sense of depth through subtle color and value changes. It also provides practice in rendering delicate tree branches and cloud formations.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Prepare a toned canvas with a neutral gray or brown.

  2. step 02

    Lightly sketch the main compositional elements: horizon line, field, trees, and cloud formations.

  3. step 03

    Block in the sky with broad strokes, focusing on the subtle gradations of color from the horizon to the upper sky.

  4. step 04

    Establish the base colors for the distant hills and trees, using muted greens and blues to create atmospheric perspective.

  5. step 05

    Paint the foreground field, paying attention to the texture and color variations of the plowed earth.

  6. step 06

    Add details to the trees, using a fine brush to create the delicate branches and leaves.

  7. step 07

    Refine the cloud formations, adding highlights and shadows to create depth and dimension.

  8. step 08

    Add the figure in the midground as a small detail.

color palette

primary · Prussian Blue · Yellow Ochre · Titanium White

secondary · Burnt Umber · Cadmium Yellow Light · Alizarin Crimson

Achieve the muted tones by mixing complementary colors (e.g., blue and orange, green and red). Use white to lighten values and create atmospheric haze.

techniques

  • ·Glazing
  • ·Dry brushing
  • ·Atmospheric perspective
  • ·Blending
  • ·Scumbling

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details in the foreground, which can flatten the composition.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated, which can detract from the overall mood.
  • →Failing to create a convincing sense of atmospheric perspective.
  • →Making the brushstrokes too visible, which can disrupt the smooth transitions of color.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·Stretched canvas (18x24 inches)
  • ·Oil paints (Prussian Blue, Yellow Ochre, Titanium White, Burnt Umber)
  • ·Round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·Flat brush (size 8)
  • ·Palette
  • ·Linseed oil
  • ·Odorless mineral spirits
  • ·Palette knife

optional

  • ·Medium gloss
  • ·Retouch varnish
  • ·Easel

A smooth canvas surface will be ideal for blending the subtle color gradations. Consider using a pre-toned canvas to save time.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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