plate no. 4452
On the Bridge
Georg Pauli, 1888
study guide
est. 8 hrsapproach — 8 steps
- step 01
Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the figures and the bridge.
- step 02
Block in the large areas of color: sky, water, and the bridge surface.
- step 03
Establish the darkest values in the figures and background.
- step 04
Add highlights to the bridge and figures to create a sense of light.
- step 05
Refine the shapes of the figures, paying attention to their silhouettes.
- step 06
Add details such as the railing and the reflections in the water.
- step 07
Create the impression of city lights in the background with small dabs of color.
- step 08
Adjust values and colors to create a cohesive and atmospheric effect.
color palette
primary · ultramarine blue · burnt umber · titanium white
secondary · cadmium red · yellow ochre
Mix muted grays and blues by combining ultramarine blue, burnt umber, and white. Use small amounts of cadmium red and yellow ochre to create warm highlights and subtle color variations.
techniques
- ·dry brush texture
- ·scumbling
- ·atmospheric perspective
- ·broken color
- ·alla prima
common pitfalls
- →Overworking the details and losing the loose, impressionistic feel.
- →Creating colors that are too saturated and not muted enough.
- →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
- →Making the figures too defined and realistic.
materials
surface · stretched canvas
required
- ·stretched canvas
- ·ultramarine blue oil paint
- ·burnt umber oil paint
- ·titanium white oil paint
- ·cadmium red oil paint
- ·yellow ochre oil paint
- ·#4 round brush
- ·#8 flat brush
optional
- ·palette knife
- ·linseed oil
- ·odorless mineral spirits
A slightly textured canvas can enhance the impressionistic effect.
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