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home·artworks·Mrs. James Pulham Sr.
Mrs. James Pulham Sr. by John Constable

plate no. 0736

Mrs. James Pulham Sr.

John Constable, 1818

oil, canvasRomanticismportraitportraitfigureclothinghatface
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, including capturing likeness and rendering fabric textures. It also provides practice in using a limited color palette to create depth and form.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 12 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes and proportions of the figure and clothing.

  2. step 02

    Establish the background color with a thin wash of burnt umber and raw sienna.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main areas of light and shadow on the face, using a mix of white, ochre, and a touch of red.

  4. step 04

    Develop the form of the clothing, paying attention to the folds and drapery.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the face, such as the eyes, nose, and mouth, using small, precise brushstrokes.

  6. step 06

    Refine the background, adding subtle variations in color and tone.

  7. step 07

    Paint the hat, capturing its texture and shape.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to create a sense of depth and realism.

color palette

primary · ivory black · raw umber · titanium white · yellow ochre

secondary · cadmium red light · ultramarine blue

Mix various shades of brown and gray by combining raw umber, ivory black, and white. Use small amounts of red and blue to create subtle variations in skin tone and fabric color.

techniques

  • ·dry brushing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·glazing
  • ·blending
  • ·chiaroscuro

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to establish a strong foundation of light and shadow.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated or intense.
  • →Losing the overall sense of form and structure.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·oil paints
  • ·palette
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·turpentine
  • ·#2 round brush
  • ·#6 flat brush
  • ·palette knife

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retouch varnish
  • ·easel

Use a medium-grain canvas for best results. Consider using a limited palette of colors to simplify the mixing process.

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related guides

oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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