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home·artworks·Mississippi Boatman
Mississippi Boatman by George Caleb Bingham

plate no. 6196

Mississippi Boatman

George Caleb Bingham, 1850

oil, canvasRomanticismgenre paintingfigurebarrelslandscapeskybuildingpipe
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, particularly rendering realistic skin tones and clothing folds, as well as creating atmospheric perspective in the background landscape.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 20 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Begin with a light sketch outlining the main shapes: the figure, barrels, building, and horizon line.

  2. step 02

    Establish the background sky with thin washes of blue and gray, blending the colors softly.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main areas of color: the figure's skin, clothing, barrels, and ground.

  4. step 04

    Start refining the figure's features, paying attention to the light and shadow on the face and hands.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the clothing, such as the stripes on the shirt and the folds in the fabric.

  6. step 06

    Work on the barrels, creating the illusion of roundness and texture with highlights and shadows.

  7. step 07

    Develop the background landscape, adding details to the building and trees.

  8. step 08

    Add final details, such as the pipe, the bricks on the ground, and any highlights.

color palette

primary · ultramarine blue · burnt umber · yellow ochre

secondary · cadmium red · titanium white · raw sienna

Mix various shades of brown and gray by combining burnt umber, ultramarine blue, and white. Use yellow ochre and white to create the base for the shirt, and add small amounts of burnt umber to create the stripes. Mix cadmium red and burnt umber for the hat.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·portraiture

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details too early in the process.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure.
  • →Using colors that are too saturated.
  • →Neglecting the atmospheric perspective in the background.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas 18x24
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·burnt umber oil paint
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·cadmium red oil paint
  • ·round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·linseed oil

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium (e.g., Liquin)
  • ·retouch varnish

Use a medium-tooth canvas for best results. Consider toning the canvas with a thin wash of burnt umber before starting.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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