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home·artworks·Le Havre with rain clouds
Le Havre with rain clouds by Paul Signac

plate no. 1155

Le Havre with rain clouds

Paul Signac, 1922

chalk, watercolor, paperImpressionismcityscapecityscapewaterbuildingsboatsskyclouds
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in loose watercolor washes and combining watercolor with linear drawing. It also provides practice in capturing atmospheric perspective and simplified architectural forms.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
4
value contrast
3
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 8 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Lightly sketch the main shapes: buildings, boats, and horizon line.

  2. step 02

    Apply a light wash of diluted grey and purple for the sky, suggesting rain clouds.

  3. step 03

    Add a base layer of pale yellow and green to the water, leaving some areas white.

  4. step 04

    Paint the buildings with loose washes of various colors like yellow, pink, blue, and green.

  5. step 05

    Add darker tones to the boats and figures using brown and black.

  6. step 06

    Define the edges of the buildings and boats with black ink or a fine-tipped pen.

  7. step 07

    Add details like flags and windows with watercolor or colored pencils.

  8. step 08

    Refine the water by adding subtle wave lines with a darker shade of green or blue.

color palette

primary · grey · yellow · blue · green

secondary · pink · purple · brown · black

Mix grey by combining blue, brown, and a touch of purple. Achieve lighter tones by diluting the watercolor with water.

techniques

  • ·watercolor washes
  • ·pen and ink linework
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·color layering
  • ·dry brush

common pitfalls

  • →overworking the watercolor
  • →making the linework too heavy
  • →not diluting the watercolor enough
  • →ignoring the atmospheric perspective

materials

surface · watercolor paper 140lb

required

  • ·watercolor paints
  • ·black ink pen
  • ·watercolor paper
  • ·round watercolor brushes (various sizes)
  • ·pencil
  • ·eraser
  • ·water container
  • ·palette

optional

  • ·colored pencils
  • ·masking fluid
  • ·ruler
  • ·kneaded eraser

Use a smooth watercolor paper for best results. Experiment with different types of black ink pens to find one that you like.

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related guides

watercolor techniques →how to draw →color theory for painters →how to learn by studying the masters →
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