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Iceberg by William Bradford

plate no. 5044

Iceberg

William Bradford, 1869

oilRomanticismmarinaicebergwaterskylandscapereflection
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in atmospheric perspective and subtle value transitions to create a sense of depth and realism. It also provides practice in rendering the texture of ice and water.

technical profile

palette complexity
3
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
4

study guide

est. 10 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Sketch the basic shapes of the iceberg and horizon line, paying attention to proportions.

  2. step 02

    Establish the overall value structure with a thin wash of color, focusing on the light and shadow areas.

  3. step 03

    Begin layering in the dark bands of the iceberg, carefully observing the subtle variations in tone.

  4. step 04

    Build up the highlights on the iceberg, using lighter values and cooler tones.

  5. step 05

    Paint the sky with soft, blended colors, creating a sense of atmospheric perspective.

  6. step 06

    Add the reflections in the water, using slightly darker and desaturated versions of the iceberg and sky colors.

  7. step 07

    Refine the details of the iceberg, such as the texture of the ice and the edges of the dark bands.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to create a sense of depth and realism.

color palette

primary · ultramarine blue · titanium white · raw umber

secondary · yellow ochre · burnt sienna

Mix ultramarine blue and raw umber for the dark areas of the iceberg and water. Use titanium white to lighten the colors and create highlights. Add yellow ochre and burnt sienna for subtle warmth in the sky and iceberg.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·blending
  • ·atmospheric perspective
  • ·value study

common pitfalls

  • →Overworking the details and losing the overall sense of atmosphere.
  • →Using too much contrast and creating a harsh, unrealistic effect.
  • →Ignoring the subtle color variations in the iceberg and water.
  • →Failing to establish a strong value structure in the initial stages.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·stretched canvas
  • ·ultramarine blue oil paint
  • ·titanium white oil paint
  • ·raw umber oil paint
  • ·yellow ochre oil paint
  • ·burnt sienna oil paint
  • ·linseed oil
  • ·#4 round brush

optional

  • ·palette knife
  • ·medium gloss
  • ·easel

Use a high-quality canvas and oil paints for best results. Thin the oil paints with linseed oil to create glazes.

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