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home·artworks·Four Evangelists: Saint John
Four Evangelists: Saint John by Jacopo Pontormo

plate no. 9814

Four Evangelists: Saint John

Jacopo Pontormo, 1525

oilMannerism (Late Renaissance)religious paintingfiguresaintbeardclothreligious
some experience helpful

Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in portraiture, particularly in rendering skin tones and drapery folds. It also provides practice in creating a sense of depth and form through subtle value changes.

technical profile

palette complexity
4
brushwork visibility
3
value contrast
4
compositional simplicity
3

study guide

est. 15 hrs

approach — 8 steps

  1. step 01

    Lightly sketch the basic shapes and proportions of the figure and drapery on a circular canvas.

  2. step 02

    Establish the dark background using a dark brown or black.

  3. step 03

    Block in the main areas of the skin with a mid-tone base color.

  4. step 04

    Begin layering lighter and darker tones to define the form of the face, body, and hands.

  5. step 05

    Add details to the beard, paying attention to the individual strands and curls.

  6. step 06

    Paint the drapery, focusing on the highlights and shadows to create a sense of volume.

  7. step 07

    Refine the edges and details, ensuring smooth transitions between tones.

  8. step 08

    Add final highlights and shadows to enhance the overall realism.

color palette

primary · raw umber · titanium white · yellow ochre · burnt sienna

secondary · ivory black · cadmium red light

Achieve skin tones by mixing white, yellow ochre, and a touch of burnt sienna or cadmium red light. Use raw umber and ivory black for shadows and darker areas.

techniques

  • ·glazing
  • ·scumbling
  • ·blending
  • ·chiaroscuro
  • ·hatching

common pitfalls

  • →Overblending, which can result in a flat, lifeless appearance.
  • →Incorrect proportions, especially in the facial features.
  • →Ignoring the subtle value changes in the skin tones.
  • →Failing to capture the texture of the beard.

materials

surface · stretched canvas

required

  • ·Circular stretched canvas
  • ·Acrylic or oil paints
  • ·Round brushes (sizes 2, 4, 6)
  • ·Flat brushes (sizes 4, 8)
  • ·Palette
  • ·Palette knife
  • ·Odorless mineral spirits or water (depending on paint type)
  • ·Linseed oil (for oil paints)

optional

  • ·medium gloss
  • ·retarder medium

Use a smooth canvas for easier blending. Consider using a medium to slow drying time for easier blending.

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oil painting for beginners →how to learn by studying the masters →
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