
plate no. 0123
William Bradford, 1863
This painting is great for learning atmospheric perspective and how to create a sense of depth through color and value changes. Recreating this will also help students understand how to paint reflections on water.
technical profile
approach — 8 steps
Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the icebergs and boats.
Block in the sky with light blues, pinks, and oranges, blending softly.
Paint the icebergs with white and subtle shadows, paying attention to the light source.
Add the water, using horizontal brushstrokes and reflecting the colors of the sky and icebergs.
Paint the boats with dark browns and reds, adding highlights to suggest form.
Add details to the boats, such as sails and rigging.
Refine the reflections in the water, making them slightly blurred and darker than the objects above.
Add final details, such as the fishermen and the rocky foreground.
color palette
primary · titanium white · ultramarine blue · burnt sienna · yellow ochre
secondary · cadmium red · raw umber
Mix white with small amounts of blue, red, and yellow to achieve the subtle colors of the sky and icebergs. Use burnt sienna and raw umber for the boats and rocks.
techniques
common pitfalls
surface · stretched canvas
required
optional
Use high-quality oil paints for best results. A medium such as linseed oil can help with blending.
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