
plate no. 0701
William Bradford, 1863
Recreating this painting will help students develop skills in depicting dynamic water and atmospheric perspective. Students will also learn to create a sense of drama and movement through composition and brushwork.
technical profile
approach — 8 steps
Sketch the basic composition, focusing on the placement of the horizon line, the ships, and the cliffs.
Establish the overall color scheme with a thin wash of warm yellow for the sky and a darker, cooler tone for the sea.
Block in the main shapes of the clouds, paying attention to the light source and the shadows.
Begin to build up the waves, using short, choppy brushstrokes to create texture and movement.
Add details to the ships, including the sails, masts, and rigging.
Paint the figures in the boat, focusing on their gestures and expressions.
Refine the details of the cliffs, adding highlights and shadows to create depth.
Add final highlights to the waves and the sails to create a sense of drama.
color palette
primary · yellow ochre · ultramarine blue · burnt umber
secondary · titanium white · cadmium red
Mix yellow ochre and ultramarine blue for the greenish sky tones. Use burnt umber and ultramarine blue for the dark sea. Add titanium white to lighten values and create highlights.
techniques
common pitfalls
surface · stretched canvas
required
optional
Use a medium-grain canvas to allow for texture. Consider using a limited palette to simplify color mixing.
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